Excerpts from BULLY!

NEWSPAPER EDITORIALS

August, September & October, 1898

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August 2, 1898 / Boston Globe

Our Army Thoroughly American 

….. Of our enlisted men nothing but the best of reports have come. All the army correspondents and disinterested observers generally agree that for physique, intelligence, and good conduct they are the equals of any body of men ever sent to face an enemy. The nation is proud of them all, and we have disproved the fling that Dewey’s superb gunners were borrowed Englishmen, so we are armed against any slur that may be concocted on the continent of Europe as to the makeup of our forces. When we have conquered the stubborn dons and set the victims of their cruelty and misrule free, it will be distinctively an American victory, and to Americans will belong the glory. — Page 11

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August 4, 1898 / Front Page / William Randolph Hearst’s New York Evening Journal

Note: Letter, with ‘Round Robin’ Petition, addressed to Gen. William Shafter, leaked — intentionally or unintentionally — to an Associated Press reporter and seen on the Front Page of this daily newspaper on August 4th, before being received by Secretary of War Russell A. Alger, causing an uproar — and panic — in Washington. 

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ARMY WILL DIE LIKE SHEEP

…. To keep us here, in the opinion of every officer commanding a division or a brigade, will simply involve the destruction of thousands….

I write only because I cannot see our men, who have fought so bravely, and who have endured extreme hardship and danger so uncomplainingly, go to destruction without striving, so far as lies in me, to avert a doom as fearful as it is unnecessary and undeserved.

Yours respectfully,

Colonel Commanding
Second Cavalry Brigade

— Pages 13 – 14

Note: This letter accompanied a petition by the commanding officers in Cuba and became known as the ‘Round Robin’. See ‘That “Round Robin” Was Really A Revolt,” pages 196 – 200 / New York Journal, for an account of the meeting of officers with Gen. Shafter held near Santiago de Cuba, following an order from Secretary of War Alger to move the Fifth Army Corps — 22,500 soldiers — yet again further inland. 

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August 5, 1898 / New York Herald

Save Our Heroes in Santiago!

No more gallant fellows ever went to battle than this ill-prepared little army that conquered Santiago province …. But now, when the victory is won, when they stand idly in the conquered province and the fevers of the sickly season threaten to mow down the army that bullets could not keep back, they ask to be spared the useless sacrifice of their lives.

— Page 24.

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August 6, 1898 / Washington Post

No Occasion for Alarm

 The people have confidence that the government is acting with all possible energy and wisdom …. There is not the slightest occasion for alarm over the situation in Santiago. The army has not been visited by a pestilence. Our men are suffering little if any more than raw troops usually suffer at the outset of their military career. We may be assured that everything reasonable and proper will be done for them …. Page 28 – 29

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August 6, 1898 / New York Tribune 

A Remarkable War

After only three months of war, Spain has sued for peace. If the war ends, it will rank as one of the most remarkable wars in human history….All the loss of one navy from first to last and on all seas do not equal those inflicted upon the other by a single shell. All the battles of the war thus far have not cost the American army as many men as it has killed in attacking the most strongly fortified and difficult positions….Free sovereigns fighting for the government which is their own are not to be matched by the best-trained and best-equipped forces of governments which are not “of the people, by the people and for the people.— Pages 30 & 31 

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August 10, 1898 / Commercial Advertiser

The Humane Side of the War

     One of the most significant characteristics of this war is the distinctly high moral and humane plane upon which the United States Government has directed all operations, both on land and sea, in the hot conflict of battle and in the equally trying experiences of the prison and the hospital. He who looks back over the struggle, from the moment the first gun was fired, cannot fail to remark that the traditional attitude of this country in time of war–the attitude that respects the decent laws of humanity and civilization, that makes war only upon armed men, that respects the rights of non-combatants and leaves untouched all neutral property–has been maintained by this country in this war. Not only have we kept close to our traditional teachings and example, but we have even added to that eminently respectable reputation by the courteous, considerate and truly magnanimous treatment we have given the prisoners of Spain….

…. If the war has done no other good, it has at least held up to the gaze of all peoples an example of humane treatment, of moral purpose and of true courtesy, expressing itself in ennobling deeds, seldom, if ever, recorded in the history of war. — Page 42  

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August 11, 1898 / New York Press 

M’Kinley Honors Wikoff’s Heroism

Washington, D.C., August 11 — Adjutant General-Corbin announces that hereafter the designation of the camp at Montauk Point will be Camp Wikoff, in honor of Colonel Charles A. Wikoff of the Twenty-second United States Infantry, who was killed at the head of his brigade on July 1 at Santiago.

Editor’s Note: The 4,000 acre military encampment at Montauk Point was established for the recuperation of Gen. Shafter’s Fifth Army Corps — 29,500 troops — in preparation for the fall campaign against Havana. Three-quarters of the Corps suffered the debilitating effects of tropical fevers — malaria, yellow fever, typhoid, dysentery — contracted either in Cuba or at the southern military posts in the United States. The 22,500 troops from Cuba arrived by transport at Fort Pond Bay on more than forty transports, with the transport Gate City arriving on August 13th; those from the southern camps arrived by train, with the first of those arriving on August 8th. With Adjutant-General Corbin’s October 9th order for the Seventh United States Infantry to move to posts in Michigan, the military encampment at Montauk effectively closed.

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Illustration rendered by George Bloem, 1997

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August 13, 1898 / The Sun

THE WAR IS OVER

Washington, D.C., August 12 — The war between the United States and Spain, which was formally declared to exist by Congress at 3 o’clock on the morning of April 21 last, was practically ended at 4:23 o’clock this afternoon, when Secretary Day and M. Cambon, French Ambassador representing Spain, affixed their signatures to duplicate copies of a protocol establishing a basis upon which the two countries … could negotiate terms of peace. Immediately following the execution of the protocol, President McKinley signed a proclamation declaring the existence of an armistice …. Pages 49 – 50

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Illustration / Boston Globe

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August 13, 1898 / Brooklyn Daily Eagle

Peace!

Every heart has its special reason for joy and hope. Every community has its special roll of honor, among living and dead. Every home twines its memory or pride round some special representative or result of the war. This should be a happy land of ours today….The freedom of all this continent from Spain has been accomplished….Spanish fatuity and folly were able in peace to hide American manifest destiny, but war shattered them and revealed it. And the world is better for the part our nation has well acted in the drama of these days…. Page 53

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August 13, 1898 / William Randolph Hearst, New York Journal 

Welcome to Peace

…. We all welcome peace, but there are few so stupid and sluggish of mind as not to see the unique value of this Summer’s experience….We have risen above the cramping traditions of our national infancy and have learned to survey the whole round earth without blinking. We have studied geography and have discovered that our flag looks as well flying over distant islands to whose rescued people it is the emblem of their salvation as it does over J. Pierpont Morgan’s office in Wall Street….– Pages 53 – 54

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Masthead, Chicago Tribune, 1898.

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August 15, 1898 / The London Times

Reprinted in Joseph Pulitzer’s The World

Our New Mission Among The Nations

There can be doubt that the war has had and will have a profound effect upon American ideas and aims. Not only has it renovated the idea of national unity, impaired by the great civil struggle, but it has supplied that sense of contact with external forces which is probably one of the most potent influences in favor of maintaining the national spirit…. 

What occupies the American people at this moment is not the cost of the war, the value of their acquisitions or the balance of the profit and loss account, but the moral result of the struggle and the nature of the ideas it stimulates…. 

Everything has been done in the open, every move has been discussed as a possibility all over the United States before the Government was irrevocably committed one way or the other, and the result of this cautious, tentative policy is that, where he stands at this moment, the President has the whole American people at his back…. Pages 58 – 59 

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August 16, 1898 / Sag Harbor Express, John H. Hunt, Editor

Cheer On Cheer Resounding

The foxes on Montauk must have thought Wyandank and his whooping braves were back again in all their war paint in their ancient home! As Gen. Wheeler …. Col. Roosevelt and his Rough Riders landed from the transport Miami, there arose such a shout along the hills of Fort Pond Bay, cheer on cheer resounding, as has not been heard there since the Montaukets gathered to repel the Pequot invasion…. — Page 75

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August 16, 1898 / Commercial Advertiser

The Rough Riders

The Rough Riders are, of all the regiments, the public’s favorite. They form the one regiment that belongs to no State. They represent the whole country, and Texas feels as much local pride in them as does New York. They represent no one walk in life and no one grade in society….

Athletic and venturesome young fellows from the East, accustomed to daring and recklessness in outdoor sports, and equally daring Westerners, practiced to risk their necks in earning their daily bread, make a combination hard to beat…. — 75 / 76

Note: Of the 29,500 troops of Gen. Shafter’s Fifth Army Corps, the Rough Riders numbered approximately 1,000 men.  

———— ADVERTISEMENT ————

Chicago Tribune, 1898

— Page 86

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August 25, 1898 / New York Tribune

War Without Hatred 

…. No finer tribute could be paid to this Nation’s motives and conduct and sentiments in the war than has been paid by our own antagonists. The gallant and knightly Cervera declares that for himself he will take with him back to Spain only the kindest remembrances of the American people…. Commander Cavanillaf expresses like sentiments, and believes that after the issues of the war are settled the United States and Spain will become friends. Most impressive of all and entirely unique is the testimony of the common soldiers of the Spanish Army, as expressed through their spokesman, Pedro Lopez de Castillo, a private of infantry. “We fought you without rancor or hate,” they say. “We have been vanquished by you, but have in our souls no place for resentment. You fought us face-to-face, with great courage. You have honored us with distinction and courtesy.” And they add the testimony that we fought according to the call of conscience “under the demand of civilization and humanity.”

We are glad to believe that what these men have said, from Spain’s greatest Admiral down to the humblest private in the ranks of her vanquished army, is not only exactly true, but will be recognized as true by the mass of the Spanish people ….— Pages 122 – 123 

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August 26, 1898 / Kansas City Star 

DIED OF STARVATION 

Lieutenant Tiffany, one of Roosevelt’s “Rough Riders,” who was brought home on the Olivette, died in Boston Thursday night. The death certificate declares the his “death was due to protracted fevers, to war life in Cuba and starvation….”

Think of an American soldier dying of starvation, after fighting and helping to win a glorious battle for his country! …. Hundreds of vigorous men have had their constitutions shattered and their strength permanently destroyed by wasting fevers, which might have been prevented if proper supplies and the right kind of hospitals had been provided at the outset. No occurrence in the history of this country has brought more shame and humiliation to the American people than has this awful neglect of the soldiers of the Nation…. Page 130 

Mr. Tiffany was 29 years old. He was a member of the Knickerbocker Club. He was a grandnephew of Commodore Perry and a nephew of the late August Belmont. — Page 129 / New York Times | Illustration: The World.

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August 26, 1898 / The Sun

A Man of Dauntless Courage

“I am greatly shocked and grieved at poor young Tiffany’s death. He was one of the most gallant and efficient officers we had, a man of dauntless courage and absorbed attention to duty. I grew to rely on him more and more, and all of us will mourn him both as a staunch friend and tried comrade-in-arms.

“There is a peculiar element of sadness in the fate of these young fellows, who have reached the shore for which they longed, only to die.”

— Colonel Theodore Roosevelt — Page 129

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— Joseph Pulitzer’s The World / Illustrator Cory — page 144

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August 27, 1898 / Standard Union

The Great Suffragist

“Would that we could have a woman Surgeon General; a woman at the head of the Commissary Department; a woman at the head of the trained nurses, with power to control each department. Do you think, then, that red tape would shut away the needed food from the well or the sick?” — Page 140

— Miss Susan B. Anthony 

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August 28, 2025 / New York Times

Newport, R.I., August 27 — Early to-morrow morning Col. John Jacob Astor will go to Montauk Point on his yacht Nourmahal … with the choicest delicacies and needed food….The value of the supplies is over $ 3,000. Among the subscribers were Cornelius Vanderbilt, Mrs. Odgen Mills, Mrs. Victor Sorchan, Fernando Yznaga, and Col. John Jacob Astor….Page 147

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August 30,  1898 / New York Journal

Illustrator, Homer Davenport / page 174

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August 30, 1898 / New York Times

To Mr. McKinley

Editorial: Does the President not know that the lives of American soldiers sacrificed in peaceful camps at home outnumber those lost on the fields of battle in Cuba and Manila? ….

Does he not know that measured by the destruction of life he has caused, the suffering and injury he has inflicted, Mr. Alger is a worse enemy than Spain has been or could be? ….

If he knows these things, why does he keep Mr. Alger in his Cabinet? — Page 177 – 178

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August 31, 1898 / Brooklyn Daily Eagle

More Men Killed By Spoils System

Than By Spanish Bullets

…. The spoils system is responsible for the starvation of the soldiers. It is responsible for the inadequate hospital accommodations and for the contaminated water….

But why was Alger made Secretary of War? Was it because of his known capabilities as an executive officer? Or was it to conciliate certain political leaders? No one is ignorant of the proper answer to these two questions….The spoils system spoiled all that it touched, as corruption multiplied corruption. Did this political appointee select trained men for taking charge of the transportation and feeding of the volunteer troops? Alas, no. The men he appointed were sons of wealthy fathers….It is the rewarding of the man with a pull, from the head of the department down to the lowest staff officer, which has caused the scandal.

The Army is honeycombed with politics. Instead of being a fighting machine, it has been a reservation for the friends of men in high office…. Page 184 – 185

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August 31, 1898 / New York Times

Neglect At Camp Wikoff

To The Editor of The New York Times:

…. Neither President McKinley nor the Republican Party can afford to let this matter blow over, for it will never blow over. The issues at stake are too grave to allow sway to the handshaking methods of the petty politician. There must be power somewhere to fix the responsibility for what has occurred. Let it be fixed without delay….

Each unavenged victim of the crime of the War Department will cost the Republican Party thousands of votes….The political history of this country shows that people do not forget crimes ….For campaign purposes “Remember Camp Wikoff” may be as effective in its way as “Remember the Maine.”

— Samuel L. Parrish

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September 1, 1898 / Boston Globe, The World

FLOATING HELL!

Transport Allegheny

Eight companies of the 9th Massachusetts regiment were on the transport Allegheny, a boat that to the men who were forced to make a sea voyage of 2,000 miles, herded like cattle, will always remain a ship of horror…

“The ship was not fit to put well men on,” Dr. Magruder said. “It was hardly less than criminal to load her with sick men. She is a cattle ship.”

— Pages 191 – 195

Soldiers on board the Transport Allegheny from Santiago de Cuba who died on board and were buried at sea. More than 60 soldiers on the returning 40+ transports died on board their transports and were buried at sea. 

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September 1, 1898 / The World / Illustrator, Heyer.

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September 3, 1898 / Multiple Newspapers

MONTAUK’S GREAT DAY

“Boys,” exclaimed General Wheeler, “the President of the United States has come here to see you.” … A look of indescribable sadness came over the President’s face as he looked at the wasted figures on the cots. It was evident that he had not expected to see such suffering….

The President never passed a cot without saying a word or two to its occupant. For the most part, the sick men, being soldiers, made no other response than a respectful, “Thank you, sir.” Many of them, however, held out their hands to the President, and, when they did, he lost no time in getting to their sides. One man held the President’s hand for fully thirty seconds without say a word. Then he muttered:

“Mr. McKinley, did you come all the way from Washington to see the sick soldiers?”

“From further than that,” said the President, “and I should have been glad to come twice as far as I did.”

“God bless you, sir. We’ve had a rough time of it, some of us, and it seems very hard to get the sickness out of ourselves….” 

Afterwards President McKinley addressed 5,000 cheering troops on Montauk’s Great Plain:

“….I bring you the gratitude of the nation, to whose history you have added by your valor a new and glorious page. You have come home after two months of severe campaigning, which has embraced assault, siege and battle — so brilliant in achievement, so far-reaching in results as to earn the unstinted praise of all your countrymen….

“The brave officers and men who fell in battle and those who have died from exposure and sickness will live in immortal story, and their memories will be perpetuated in the hearts and the history of a generous people; and those who were dependent upon them will not be neglected by the Government for which they so freely sacrificed their lives.”

— Pages 230 – 248

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September 3, 1898 / Joseph Pulitzer’s The World

A Fist-Fighter’s Opinion

“This country ought to go broke on the heroes. It ought to send home every man who returned from the war as fit as when he enlisted and with money in his pocket.”

— John L. Sullivan / Page 249

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September 9, 1898 / East Hampton Star / E.S. Boughton, Editor

Remember Camp Wikoff

After witnessing with our own eyes some of the scenes of misery among the sick soldiers at Montauk, and listening to the distressing stories told by the noble workers of East Hampton who go to the camp day after day and rescue dying men, and then reading the statements of officers to the effect that the camp is in excellent condition, and that is there is no needless suffering there, we wish that we might have a staff of reporters large enough, fast presses, typesetting machines and paper enough to publish the true story of the camp from one end of the country to the other…. — Pages 304 – 305

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September 9, 1898 / Mail and Express Newspaper

The Camp Graveyard

….Stricken with the deadly fever in Cuba, separated from their comrades in arms, brought North by hundreds in Government transports and hurried into the field hospitals here, many of these soldiers died without giving a single identifying word….

Where They Lie Buried at Camp Wikoff

Editor’s Note: More than 350 died at Camp Wikoff — most caskets were eventually sent to their homes; the remaining ones were re-interred at Cypress Hills National Cemetery in Brooklyn. 

The World / Illustrator, Hayden Jones, Page 306

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September 10, 1898 / Joseph Pulitzer’s The World

The Real Fault of the Press

…. Is the charge of sensationalism on camp horrors well founded?

Is it not true, on the contrary, that the fault of the press is in its not condemning long ago the incompetency and negligence which have culminated in the camp horrors?

Is it not true that for three or four months after war was declared the idea upon which the press of the country acted was that public duty required it to abstain from criticism of the Government?

Would it not have been far better had the press displayed four months ago its present spirit of just and wholesome criticism?

No: the truth is that the fault of the press has been not sensationalism but too long silence….– Pages 309 – 310

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September 17, 1898 / The Corrector, Sag Harbor

Ministering Angels

When the final chapter of Camp Wikoff comes to be written, the ministering angels from the Long Island Hamptons of both sexes should have their names well-blazoned….From the first they provided substantial and sensible assistance; and although hampered in every way by red tape and absurd regulations, they persisted in their errand of mercy. — Page 354

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September 21, 1898 / Kansas City Star

The Decline of the Cavalry

….The disappearance of the horse, or rather, of the man and horse taken together from the fields of war, will tend to remove from the profession of arms the little of romance that still surrounds it. War without ‘le beau sabreur,” the “bold dragoon,” the “gay hussar” and cavaliers generally will be but a prosaic affair….the honors of war will go to the plodding infantryman who marches through the mud…to the designated line of formation, where he pumps death out of his magazine gun, or the artilleryman who calmly turns a crank and disseminates destruction….— Page 381

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September 22, 1898 / William Randolph Hearst’s New York Evening Journal

No Forgiveness for Algerism

…. Men who think more of politics than they do of human life do not understand the feeling of the American people toward Alger and those who protect him. Passionate protest has died down and patient endurance has come. Time passes and brings nearer the day of retribution….– Page 393

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September 24, 1898 / Collier’s Weekly / Illustrator, Albert Sterner

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September 29, 1898 / New York Times

General Wheeler in New York  

…. Gen. Wheeler referred to Camp Wikoff as an ideal camping place, and had no fault to find with the arrangement of the big camp as he found it.

“We have had there,” he said, “22,500 men direct from the fever-infested swamps of Cuba, besides 7,000 men from Southern camps in our own country. Ten thousand men have been cared for in the hospitals….Many cases of yellow fever have been brought in there, and in not one instance, has the disease been communicated….

“I think the camp was well laid out, considering the rapidity with which it had to be constructed….When Camp Wikoff was most populous there were twenty-eight square miles of tents, and the scene presented was most beautiful….” — 420-421

Note: Gen. Wheeler, a graduate of West Point (1859), was a Confederate General in the Civil War and then rose to that rank in the United States Army, only three others did the same; and, Gen. Wheeler was the only one of those to see action in both the Civil War and the Spanish-American War.

For the general public, Gen. Wheeler personified the reunification of the country following the Civil War. 

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New York Herald / Illustrator T.D. Boyce, September 8, 1898

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September 29 / Riverhead News / G. Hilda, Editor

Recalling A Day At Camp Wikoff

The long railway platform swarmed with passengers just in from the train and mingling with the crowds of soldiers in the blue and brown uniforms. A pandemonium of sounds rose on the air. The greeting, noisy and sincere, of the soldier boys to their comrades returning from their furloughs, the shouts of teamsters, the hum of hundreds of voices, the braying of mules, the rush and rumble of army wagons, and the various and many shades of color formed a medley which stunned the sense of hearing and dazzled the eye. Out in the harbor the big, boxlike transport ships, riding quietly at anchor, loomed up, black and massive, through the mid-day haze….

The sun has gone down, leaving a broad belt of crimson in the western sky, and the campfires up among the hills begin to glimmer and to burn bright patches in the blackness of the night. A train is just backing into the station, and a company of mustered out men march down and climb aboard, and amid great cheering and loud “Good Byes” from their less lucky comrades, the train pulls out into the west, leaving behind it the camp made up of men from all parts of our great country, who, for the honor of our flag, braved the death-giving climate of the tropics, sweltered and suffered in camps awaiting orders to move for the front…and lay on their arms waiting for the orders to muster out, or to leave for some far-away camp to do garrison duty.

 To the army sleeping under the twinkling stars at Montauk we give the respect, the love, and the honor which is the just due of every soldier who has shown himself willing to give his life for his country’s honor and safety. — Pages 423 – 424

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October 6, 1898 / Sag Harbor Express, John J. Hunt, Editor

A Beautiful Ceremony At Montauk

In all this Christian land there was no more beautiful and inspiring service held on Sunday last than that conducted on one of the highest knolls in the midst of the highlands of Montauk…All around was the blue sea, above was the blue arch of the sky….By the twenty remaining graves stood General Shafter with his officers, six buglers and the band of the 10th Cavalry, with the officiating chaplains. The Episcopal service was read, the band played “Nearer my God to Thee,” the soldiers sang “America.” Three volleys were then fired over the graves, and the buglers sounded taps, that call to rest so familiar to the soldier, that so often summons his wearied body to restful slumber after toil of battle or fatigue of march, and which at last notes in music the passing of his soul to its eternal rest….

Some day their admiring and grateful countrymen will build on that noble headland a memorial shaft fit for those who in Freedom’s battle have won an undisputed title as “bravest of the brave.” — Pages 442 – 443

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October 6, 1898 / Washington Post  

A Modern Paladin 

Gen. Wheeler is as modest in his private capacity as he is gallant and impetuous in battle. A milder man never lived, a sweeter and more gracious character it would be impossible to find….

He rebukes in his own person, in his patient endurance of all hardship, in his steadfast and unconscious heroism, the false accusations, the peevish remonstrances, the foolish and the feeble outcries that have been lavished on the government by thoughtless or designing men…

The Paladin did not vanish with the days of chivalry. In all their ranks, not excepting even the brilliant group that formed the entourage of Charlemagne, there never breathed a purer or more knightly soul than dwells in Gen. Joe Wheeler.

Note that Gen. Wheeler’s Daughter, Laurie, served as a Red Cross nurse at Santiago de Cuba and at Camp Wikoff. His two sons, Joseph and Thomas, were aide-de-camps at Camp Wikoff. Tragically on September 7, 1898, Thomas drowned off Ditch Plains in an effort to save a friend from a rip tide current. 

Illustration: Boston Globe

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October 29, 1898 / East Hampton Star, E.S. Boughton, Editor

The Gloom of Montauk

“Montauk is not what it was once,” said an old fisherman as he stood on the station platform at Fort Pond Bay on Tuesday last and looked at the dozen or so dingy board buildings that have entirely obliterated the picturesqueness of the once beautiful Fort Pond Bay. There is a weird gloominess about the place from which one cannot escape as he walks around and sees the buildings, which a month since were fairly alive with human beings, now boarded up and left as sad reminders of the scenes of pleasure, joy, delight, sadness, sorrow and misery, which were alternately presented there during the existence of Camp Wikoff. — Page 448

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—– 1899 —–

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February 13, 1899 / New York Times

REPORT OF THE WAR COMMISSION

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Washington, Feb. 12 — “…. On the whole it may be said that Montauk Point was an ideal place for the isolation of troops who had been exposed to or had yellow fever, and for the recuperation of those greatly debilitated by malarial attacks of marked severity….

“In concluding its labors, it is with much pleasure that the commission reports that notwithstanding the haste with which the Nation entered upon the war with Spain, the resulting and almost inevitable confusion in bureau and camp, the many difficulties of arming, assembling, and transporting large bodies of hitherto untrained men the carrying on of active operations in two hemispheres, the people of the United States should ever be proud of its soldiers, who, co-operating with its sailors, in less than three months put an end to Spanish colonial power, enfranchised oppressed people, and taught the world at large the strength and the nobility of a great Republic.”

— Pages 456 / 459

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BULLY! Appendix

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR DOCUMENTS

President William McKinley’s Message to Congress, April, 1898 / pp 509 – 513

Gen. William Shafter’s Letter to Gen. Jose Toral y Velazquez / p 514 – 515

Peace Protocol, August 12, 1898 / p 516

Treaty of Paris, December 10, 1898 / p 516

Spain Leaves the Western World / p 517 – 518

America Emerges as an International Power / John J. Pershing / p 519

San Juan Hill / Dashing Bravery of Rough Riders by Richard Harding Davis / pp 520 – 521

Account of the Charge at San Juan Hill, July 1, 1898 by Lieut. John J. Pershing / pp 522 – 523

Medal of Honor / page 524

Medal of Honor Citation / p 525

Army Beef Scandal of 1898: Lieutenant Tiffany Dead | Lieut. Tiffany’s Real Starvation / pp 526 – 528 | Col. Roosevelt’s Testimony / p 528 / Roosevelt to the War Commission Board / page 529

American Red Cross, Report of Howard Townsend, 1898 / pp 530 – 537.

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Selections from BULLY! Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, The Rough Riders & Camp Wikoff, Montauk, New York — 1898 / A Newspaper Chronicle / Second Edition published 2023 by Montauk Historical Society & East End Press with a Grant from the Robert David Lion Gardiner Foundation.

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Visit: AAQ / Portfolio — BULLY! Col. Theodore Roosevelt, The Rough Riders & Camp Wikoff …. link

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Visit: Camp Wikoff National Military Park Proposal …. link

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Visit: Camp Wikoff — Self-Guided Bike / Hike & Run Tour / 9 Sites from Montauk Station > Fort Pond Bay …. link

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