Page numbers refer to BULLY! Col. Theodore Roosevelt, The Rough Riders & Camp Wikoff,
Montauk, New York — 1898, a Newspaper Chronicle — Edited by Jeff Heatley,
published by Montauk Historical Society & East End Press,
with a grant from the Gardiner Foundation, 2023.
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Floating Hell!
The Transport Allegheny
Fourteen Soldiers, en route to Montauk from Santiago de Cuba,
died on board the Transport Allegheny and were buried at sea.
[Editor’s Note: more than 60 soldiers died on transports — and were buried at sea — en route home from Santiago de Cuba.]
— Page 193, Boston Globe
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The One Canteen in Camp
— Page 196, The Sun
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Military Order of the Rough Riders
“The officers and men of the First United States Volunteer Cavalry, wishing to perpetuate the name under which they were popularly known, and to transmit to their sons the heritage of renown they won so distinctly before Santiago, propose to organize a military order that they sincerely believe will become as honored an inheritance as any title to nobility ….” –– Lieut. Col. Brodie.
— Pages 200 – 201 / The World, New York Times
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Rough Rider Commemorative Medal,
designed by Rough Rider Frederick Wingte of Company I.
— Page 338, Rendering by George Bloem, 1997.
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— Page 204 / New York Evening Journal
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— Page 306, Hayden Jones, Illustrator / The World
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General Wheeler and Major-General Shafter
— Page 214, Hayden Jones, Illustrator / The World
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Col. Roosevelt Cheers Bronco Busting
— Page 216, The World
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— Page 195, Heyer, Illustrator / The World
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Milk for a Prostrate Regular
Surgeon Aby and Mrs. Mott w/ Soldier of the Third Infantry
— Page 220, Haydon Jones, Illustrator / The World
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Red Cross Nurse Cherrie French
— Page 221, The World
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MONTAUK’S GREAT DAY
Saturday, September 3, 1898
— Pages 231 – 248, The Sun, New York Tribune, New York Times, New York Press
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President William McKinley
Commander-In-Chief of the Joint Forces
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“….to secure in the island the establishment of a stable government, capable of maintaining order
and observing its international obligations, insuring peace and tranquility and the security of its citizens, as well as our own, and to use the military and naval forces of the United States as may be necessary for these purposes.
— President William McKinley’s Message to Congress, April 11, 1898,
— Pages 509 – 513 Second Edition / 2023 of BULLY!
— Page 230, illustration / Boston Globe
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Shortly after President McKinley’s arrival at Montauk Station, he saw Col. Roosevelt on horseback….”Col. Roosevelt, I’m glad to see you looking so well.”
“Thank you, Mr. President. These isn’t a healthier man in the camp than I am…”
Nothing more cordial than the greeting between the President and Col. Roosevelt could be imagined….
— Page 236 / The Sun
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Private John Alexander Calls on the President to Visit Him
— Page 241, Carter, Illustrator / The World
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President McKinley Addressing 5,000 Soldiers
on Montauk’s Great Plain
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President McKinley tells the cheering soldiers, “I bring you the gratitude of the nation…to whose history you have added a new and glorious page. You have come home after two months of severe campaigning, which has embraced assault, seige and battle — so brilliant in achievement, so far-reaching in results as to earn the unstinted praise of all your countrymen.
“You had the brunt of the battle on land. You bore yourselves with supreme courage, and your personal bravery, never before excelled anywhere, has won the admiration of your fellow citizens and the genuine respect of all mankind, while your endurance under peculiar trial and suffering has given new meaning to American heroism….”
— Page 245, New York Herald
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“DILWYN, MY SON, MY SON”
Dilwyn Bell, Rough Rider
— Page 250, Chicago Tribune
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Fever Wrecks Huddled Like Sheep In A Pen
— Page 251, The World
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Roosevelt’s Sermon
——— Montauk’s Bully Pulpit ———
An Outdoor Church Service with Chaplain Brown for the Rough Riders in Montauk.
Sunday, September 4, 1898
“Our trials, our hardships, our victories, we all shared together, officers and men. There has been no distinction; we have all worked for and accomplished the glory of the regiment….What we have done only calls us to renewed effort in the future. Life is a constant struggle and no man can remain idle…..I feel a love and attachment to each and every one of you and that we are bound together by ties that death alone can sever.”
— Col. Theodore Roosevelt
— Pages 261 – 265 / Brooklyn Daily Eagle, The Sun, New York Herald, The World
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Helen Gould, Friend of the Soldiers
— Page 266, New York Journal
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Montauk’s Monte Carlo
— Pages 267 – 269 / The Sun
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Uncle Sam’s Seaside Park
— Page 271 / The Sun
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Chicagoans Greeting the First Illinois Boys, Fort Pond Bay
— Page 272, Chicago Tribune
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— Page 273, New York Herald
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Soldiers in the General Hospital
— Page 279, W.H. Shindler, Illustrator / New York Press
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Montauk Point Light
— Pages 286 – 287
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GEN. WHEELER’S SON LOST
——— September 7, 1898 ———
Naval Cadet Thomas H. Wheeler, 21, Swept Out to Sea off Ditch Plains,
Trying to Save Lieutenant Newton D. Kirkpatrick
— Page 289 / Reported, Thompson, Illustrator / New York Herald
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Gen. Joseph Wheeler
— Page 290, T.D.Boyce, Illustrator / New York Herald
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Volunteer Red Cross Nurse Eleanor L. Coe
— Page 300, The World
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Where They Lie Buried at Camp Wikoff
[Editor’s Note: 350+ died at Camp Wikoff from malaria, yellow fever, dysentery & exhaustion / starvation
— more men died in Montauk than at the Battle of San Juan Hill. Many more would have died if not for the volunteer work of the American Red Cross and local citizens.]
— 306, Hayden Jones, Illustrator / The World
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Roosevelt’s Farewell
——— September 13, 1898 ———
— Pages 323 – 326 / The Sun
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Colonel Theodore Roosevelt Bids His Rough Riders Farewell As They Are Mustered Out of Service, September 14, 1898.
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Col. Roosevelt tells the Rough Riders,
“You cannot imagine how proud I am of your friendship & regard.”
— Illustration, opposite page 1 / The Traveler
— Page 325, The Sun
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In Appreciation, The Rough Riders Give Him
Frederic Remington’s Bronze Bronco Buster Sculpture
— Page 328, The World
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— Page 330, The World
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SAGAMORE HILL
Roosevelt’s Summer Home
It is a striking structure, three stories high, the first of red brick, above which Dutch shingles give it the air of an old ancestral mansion. Wide verandas, huge chimneys and numerous dormer windows are the most striking features. At the south entrance is a wide porte-cochere, adorned by a huge pair of antlers and completely covered with vines. The interior…
— Pages 331 – 334 / Brooklyn Daily Eagle
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A Tonic Quality to the Air
— Page 337 / The Sun
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Teddy, The Golden Eagle Mascot,
w/ Rough Rider S.A. Kennedy
— Page 352, Carter, Illustrator / The World
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Ministering Angels
When the final chapter of Camp Wikoff comes to be written, the ministering angels from the Long Island Hamptons of both sexes should have their names well-blazoned….From the first they provided substantial and sensible assistance; and although hampered in every way by red tape and absurd regulations, they persisted in their errand of mercy
— Page 354 / The Corrector (Sag Harbor)
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Woman At Camp Wikoff
— Page 355 – 357 / Commercial Advertiser
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“Teddy’s Terrors” Visit New York
— Page 366, Williams, Illustrator / The World
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“That handkerchief of the Colonel’s…is, to my mind,
the greatest relic of the war,” said a Rough Rider.
— Page 371, The World
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The Versatile Mr. Roosevelt
— Pages 372 – 373 / Washington Post
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Bill Woods, Rough Rider: Bronco Buster
“Nobody ain’t got no use for a horse that can unseat Bill Woods,”
said Alvin C. Ash, Rough Rider, “and he’s pizen with a six-shooter.”
— Page 375, Boston Globe
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William Tiffany’s Horse & William Tiffany
Rough Rider Tiffany died of starvation in Boston.
His horse was purchased at auction by his brother Perry.
— Page 379, The World
— William Tiffany portrait & report of his death , Pp 526 – 528 / see also Army Beef Scandal of 1898, in the Appendix, as well / second edition, 2023
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Rough Rider & His Horse Jerry
— Page 380, Carter, Illustrator / The World
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The Decline of Cavalry
Editorial: If there were any expectations entertained at the outset of the war with Spain of opportunities for the display of our superiority in cavalry, those expectations have been disappointed….The brilliant charges have made by horsemen on foot.
— Page 381 / Kansas City Star
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Peace Jubilee / Oyster Bay
——— September 21, 1898 ———
“CROWDED AND GLORIOUS HOUR”
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt made his first public address since his return from the Cuban campaign when he spoke yesterday afternoon to his fellow-townsmen who had gather ed in the town square at Oyster Bay to welcome him home…
Speaking to the crowd gathered in the town square, he made this statement about his war experience:
“We were ordered to take the blockhouses on the hills. We went through the jungle in a hurry, forded the river and were then halted for an hour under heavy fire…We were in a shower of bullets…
“Then began the crowded and glorious hour of my life, that hour for which I would not trade my whole existence…
“We made our charge up the hill…”
— Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, age 39.
— Pages 383 – 391 / New York Times, Boston Globe, New York Herald
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Sec. of War Alger as portrayed by the Artist Luks
— Page 392, The World
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HOME!
— Page 394, Cover, Collier’s Weekly, Albert Sterner, Illustrator
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An Illustrious New York Name
— Pages 408 – 410 / The Sun
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Not Really a New Yorker
— Page 410, William Randolph Hearst / New York Evening Journal
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How Roosevelt Swept The Field
— Pages 411 – 419 / New York Herald, Commercial Advertiser
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Theodore Roosevelt Nominated Republican Gubernatorial Candidate at the Republican Convention in Saratoga, September 27, 1898.
— Page 412, Mortimer, Illustrator / The World
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Recalling a Day at Camp Wikoff
— 421 – 424 / Riverhead News
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Roosevelt Fires First Campaign Gun
— Pages 427 – 441 / New York Times, The Sun, The World, Commercial Advertiser, New York Press
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Roosevelt Speaking at Carnegie Hall
“They were American soldiers, no more and no less. Living, each one strove incessantly to do even more than his duty, scorning to do less, and ashamed to falter or ask for aid; yet always glad to help a brother who, however willing, was weaker. Dying, each faced with equal courage the fate which, in an instant of time, blots out all the differences that we rear with such infinite labor on this earth. Living and dying they gave us a lesson in American citizenship, and this lesson which they taught in the war, let us profit by as we live in peace.”
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— Top / Page 437, Carter, Illustrator / The World
— Quotation / Page 441, New York Press
— Bottom / Page 440, W.H. Shindler, New York Press
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A Beautiful Ceremony in Montauk
In all this Christian land there was no more beautiful and inspiring service held on Sunday last than that conducted on one of the highest knolls in the midst of the highlands of Montauk…On that consecrated knoll had been buried in silence, as in sadness, with only whispered words of prayer, fifty-two dead soldiers of the Fifth Army Corps, on whose serried ranks shall rest for all time the historic light of victory….They died the heroes’ death as truly as those who fell in the trenches in Santiago, and some day their admiring and grateful countrymen will build on that noble headland a memorial shaft fit for those who in Freedom’s battle have won an undisputed title as “bravest of the brave.”
— Pages 442 – 443 / John H. Hunt, Editor, Sag Harbor Express
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Editor’s note: it became policy at Camp Wikoff not to play taps at the burial of a soldier as that was thought to have a negative impact on those still suffering in the camp hospitals; consequently, those who died at Camp Wikoff were buried in silence until this ceremony for those who had died and not yet been transported & re-interred at the National Cemetery at Cypress Hills, Brooklyn.
A list of those who died at Camp Wikoff, with cause of death, can be found on pages 499 – 508, Bravest of the Brave.
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General Wheeler: A Modern Paladin
— Page 443, Washington Post
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CAMP WIKOFF ABANDONED
OCTOBER 9, 1898
Secretary of War Alger directs the Seventh US Infantry relieved of duty at Camp Wikoff and to proceed to the Department of the Lakes…effectively closing the encampment.
The Seventh left camp on October 14th.
— Page 444, The Sun
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Reubena Hyde Walworth, Heroic Nurse
Reubena Hyde Walworth, daughter of Ellen Hardin Walworth, Directress-General of the Women’s War Relief Association, died of typhoid fever contracted in the Detention Hospital at Camp Wikoff, while serving as a volunteer nurse.
— Page 447, New York Press
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The Gloom of Montauk
— Page 448, E.S. Boughton, East Hampton Star
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THE ROUGH RIDER’S LATEST CHARGE
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“The people of New York want him for their governor…
The people of the United States will want him to govern them next,
and they will have him for President. I told him so on the ship, and he laughed a great deal.”
— Page 80, General Joseph Wheeler / Commercial Advertiser, August 17, 1898
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ROOSEVELT VICTORIOUS
November 8, 1898
— Page 450, Bush, Illustrator / The World
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Col. Roosevelt deserves all honor and credit for the victory in the State, for I am certain that he is the only man who could have carried our standard to victory this year. Besides his strong personality, he possesses remarkable physical resources, which were no small factor in the campaign just ended.
Senator Thomas C. Platt, as reported in the Commercial Advertiser, Page 453.
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— Page opposite title page (left) ‘The ideal of the beau sabreur — dashing, fearless, full of vim.’ / Boston Globe, June 6, 1898.
— Page 455, ‘Governor-Elect Theodore Roosevelt’ / Boston Globe, November 9, 1898.
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Governor Roosevelt
….He has been elected as Governor; he will be the Governor; and unless there is some magic which can work an entire transformation in the moral and intellectual texture of a perfectly matured personality, he will make a Governor for the people of this State to be proud of.
— Page 454 / New York Tribune
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Treaty of Peace
On December 10, 1898, the Treaty of Peace between the United States and Spain, known as the Treaty of Paris, 1898, was signed, ending the Spanish-American War. Spain ceded Porto Rico and other islands in the West Indies, the island of Guam in the Marianas or Ladrones, and the Philippines (for which the United States paid $20 million in compensation).
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America Emerges as an International Power
We had entered the war to liberate Cuba, and we kept that promise. But….that was not all our government now decided to do….We demanded that Puerto Rico be ceded to us. But far more dramatic and internationally important development in the peace negotiations was the purchase of the Philippines. The acquisition of this group of several hundred islands, with a combined area of 115,000 square miles and an estimated population of 6,500,ooo, mostly Asiatic peoples, with traditions and religions different from our own, and located 5,000 miles away from our western seaboard, was a totally new policy for our country. Up to that time, we had been a strictly American state, keeping hands off affairs in Asia as well as Europe….
— John J. Pershing, page 521.(excerpt from My Life Before The World War, 1860 – 1917 / A Memoir)
Before the war with Spain, Lieut. John J. Pershing was an instructor at West Point. In the war, Pershing was in command of the Tenth Cavalry, known as Buffalo Soldiers. The regiment, under his command, joined the Rough Riders in the charge at San Juan Hill. Returning home to Fort Pond Bay, the Tenth Cavalry was camped at what is now Shadmoor State Park.
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REPORT OF THE WAR COMMISSION
February 13, 1899
On the whole, it may be said that Montauk Point was an ideal place for the isolation of troops who had been exposed to or had yellow fever, and for the recuperation of those greatly debilitated
by malarial attacks of marked severity.
— Page 458, New York Times
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Portraits / One — August, 1898 | link
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First illustration: ‘Waiting The Arrival Of The Gate City’ (not in either edition of BULLY!) / The World
[Ed: The Gate City was the first transport to arrive from Santiago de Cuba — docking at Fort Pond Bay August 14, 1898]
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Visit: Camp Wikoff, National Military Park Proposal
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Exclusive Portfolio | AAQ / East End
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